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Beta-Carotene

Vitamin Unit: µg

Provitamin A carotenoid found in orange and yellow fruits and vegetables. Converted to retinol in the body.

No established daily requirement for this nutrient.

Top Foods Highest in Beta-Carotene

Amount per 100g serving. Values in µg per 100g.

Foods Highest in Beta-Carotene (Table)

#FoodPer 100gGroup
1Peppers, sweet, red, freeze-dried42,891 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
2Carrot, dehydrated33,954 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
3Spices, paprika26,162 µgSpices and Herbs
4Spices, pepper, red or cayenne21,840 µgSpices and Herbs
5Grape leaves, raw16,194 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
6Spices, chili powder15,000 µgSpices and Herbs
7Peppers, hot chile, sun-dried14,844 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
8Snacks, sweet potato chips, unsalted14,205 µgSnacks
9Sweet potato, frozen, cooked, baked, without salt12,498 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
10Sweet potato, cooked, baked in skin, flesh, without salt11,509 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
11Tomato powder10,348 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
12Sweet potato, cooked, boiled, without skin, with salt9,444 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
13Sweet potato, cooked, boiled, without skin9,444 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
14Carrot juice, canned9,303 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
15Dandelion greens, cooked, boiled, drained, with salt8,727 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
16Carrots, raw8,285 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
17Carrots, frozen, cooked, boiled, drained, without salt8,199 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
18Carrots, frozen, cooked, boiled, drained, with salt8,199 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
19Spinach, frozen, chopped or leaf, cooked, boiled, drained, w7,237 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products
20Spinach, frozen, chopped or leaf, cooked, boiled, drained, w7,237 µgVegetables and Vegetable Products

Health Effects of Beta-Carotene

Function

Beta-carotene is the most important provitamin A carotenoid, providing about 50% of dietary vitamin A in plant-based diets. It is also a potent antioxidant and supports immune function.

Deficiency Signs

No specific deficiency; contributes to vitamin A deficiency if overall carotenoid and preformed vitamin A intake is low.

Excess / Toxicity

High intake from food causes harmless carotenodermia (orange skin). Beta-carotene supplements (20-30mg/day) may increase lung cancer risk in smokers (ATBC and CARET trials).

Absorption & Interactions

How It’s Absorbed

Fat-soluble; requires bile acids and dietary fat for micelle formation. Absorption efficiency varies widely (5-65%) based on food matrix, processing, fat intake, and genetics (BCO1 polymorphisms).

Key Interactions
Total Fat Enhancer
3-5g of fat per meal increases beta-carotene absorption several-fold
Vitamin E Enhancer
Vitamin E protects beta-carotene from oxidative degradation in the gut and tissues

Frequently Asked Questions

How much Beta-Carotene do I need per day?

There is no established daily requirement for Beta-Carotene.

Which food has the most Beta-Carotene?

The food highest in Beta-Carotene is Peppers, sweet, red, freeze-dried with 42,891 µg per 100g.

What does Beta-Carotene do in the body?

Provitamin A carotenoid found in orange and yellow fruits and vegetables. Converted to retinol in the body.