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Grapefruit, raw, white, California

Fruits Per 100 g · Per 100g serving

Grapefruit, raw, white, California is a fruit, providing just 37.0 calories per 100g. It is a good source of Vitamin C, providing 37% of the Daily Value per 100g. This fruit is virtually fat-free. Fruits are naturally rich in vitamins, dietary fiber, and antioxidants. They are an important part of a balanced diet and contribute to daily micronutrient needs. Our database tracks 55 nutrients for this food, plus glycemic index, insulin index, polyphenol profile, environmental footprint data.

37.0
Calories
kcal
0.88
Protein
g
0.10
Fat
g
9.1
Carbs
g
0
Fiber
g

Top Nutrients

☀️
Vitamin C
33.3 mg
37% DV
💪
Carbohydrate
9.1 g
7% DV
☀️
Pantothenic Acid (B5)
0.28 mg
6% DV

Data for 55 of 150 tracked nutrients

Nutrient Fingerprint

How this food scores across key nutrient categories, as a percentage of the daily recommended value per 100 g. Based on USDA DRIs for adults.

Complete Nutrient Profile

Macronutrients 7
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Water SR89.6g
2%
Calories SR37.0kcal
Energy (kJ) SR155kj
Protein SR0.88g
2%
Total Fat SR0.10g
Carbohydrate SR9.1g
7%
Ash SR0.35g
Minerals 9
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Calcium SR12.0mg
1%
Iron SR0.08mg
1%
Magnesium SR9.0mg
2%
Phosphorus SR12.0mg
2%
Potassium SR143mg
4%
Sodium SR0mg
Zinc SR0.07mg
1%
Copper SR0.03mg
4%
Manganese SR0.02mg
1%
Vitamins 16
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Vitamin A (RAE) SR0µg
Vitamin A (IU) SR10.0IU
Retinol SR0µg
Vitamin C SR33.3mg
37%
Vitamin D SR0µg
Vitamin D (IU) SR0IU
Thiamin (B1) SR0.04mg
3%
Riboflavin (B2) SR0.02mg
2%
Niacin (B3) SR0.27mg
2%
Pantothenic Acid (B5) SR0.28mg
6%
Vitamin B6 SR0.04mg
3%
Folate SR12.0µg
3%
Folic Acid SR0µg
Folate (food) SR12.0µg
Folate (DFE) SR12.0µg
Vitamin B12 SR0µg
Fatty Acids 5
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Saturated Fat SR0.01g
Monounsaturated Fat SR0.01g
Polyunsaturated Fat SR0.02g
Trans Fat SR0g
Cholesterol SR0mg
Amino Acids 18
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Tryptophan SR0.009g
Threonine SR0.01g
Isoleucine SR0.009g
Leucine SR0.02g
Lysine SR0.02g
Methionine SR0.008g
Cystine SR0.009g
Phenylalanine SR0.05g
Tyrosine SR0.009g
Valine SR0.02g
Arginine SR0.10g
Histidine SR0.009g
Alanine SR0.03g
Aspartic Acid SR0.16g
Glutamic Acid SR0.23g
Glycine SR0.02g
Proline SR0.07g
Serine SR0.03g

Nutrient Density Score

The NRF9.3 score measures overall nutritional quality per 100 kcal. It rewards 9 nutrients to encourage (protein, fiber, vitamins A, C, E, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium) and penalizes 3 to limit (saturated fat, added sugars, sodium). Higher is better; negative scores indicate the food is high in limit nutrients relative to its beneficial content.

122
NRF9.3 Score
Excellent · per 100 kcal
Poor (<0) Moderate Good Excellent (100+)

NRF9.3 index: Fulgoni et al. (2009), J Nutr 139(8). DVs based on FDA 2020 reference values.

Amino Acid Profile

Essential amino acid composition compared to the WHO/FAO adult reference pattern. The Amino Acid Score indicates protein quality — 100 means all essential amino acid requirements are met.

33
Amino Acid Score
Low
Leucine
Limiting Amino Acid
18
Amino Acids Tracked

Tip: The limiting amino acid is Leucine. Pair with dairy, eggs, and meat for a complete amino acid profile.

All Amino Acids (18)
Amino Acidg / 100gmg / g protein
Tryptophan0.00910.2
Threonine0.0117.0
Isoleucine0.00910.2
Leucine0.0219.3
Lysine0.0225.0
Methionine0.0089.1
Cystine0.00910.2
Phenylalanine0.0560.2
Tyrosine0.00910.2
Valine0.0219.3
Arginine0.10112.5
Histidine0.00910.2
Alanine0.0331.8
Aspartic Acid0.16178.4
Glutamic Acid0.23255.7
Glycine0.0219.3
Proline0.0781.8
Serine0.0336.4

How Cooking Changes Nutrients

Estimated percentage of each nutrient retained after cooking, based on USDA retention factors for the “Fresh Fruits” food category. Values of 100% mean no loss; lower values indicate nutrients lost to heat, water, or oxidation.

Key insights
Vitamin C loses up to 30% when sautéed. Baked retains 80%.
Folate loses up to 50% when sautéed. Baked retains 60%.

Source: USDA Table of Nutrient Retention Factors, Release 6 (2007). Retention values are category-level averages — actual retention depends on cooking time, temperature, and water volume.

USDA Retention Factors

Glycemic & Insulin Response

The Glycemic Index (GI) measures how quickly a food raises blood sugar on a 0–100 scale. The Insulin Index (II) measures the insulin response directly, which can differ from GI — notably, dairy and high-protein foods often trigger a higher insulin response than their GI suggests. White bread = 100 for both scales.

25
Glycemic Index
Low GI
3
Glycemic Load
Low GL (per 120g)
GI Scale 25
0 Low <55 Med High ≥70 100

GI data matched from: “Grapefruit, raw” · ●●● high confidence

21
Insulin Index
Low Insulin Response
Insulin Index Scale 21
0 Low ≤30 Mod ≤60 High ≤100 120
GI Model ●● Estimated via GI-based regression (R²=0.78)

Source: International Tables of Glycemic Index (Sydney University, 2021) · Holt et al. 1997; Bao et al. 2016; Bell 2014

Polyphenols & Bioactive Compounds

Polyphenols are plant-derived compounds with antioxidant properties. Higher intake is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk and improved gut health.

43
Total Polyphenols
mg per 100g · Moderate
2
Polyphenol Classes
identified in this food
Flavonoids33 mg77%
Phenolic Acids10 mg23%

Processing Impact on Polyphenols

How common cooking methods affect polyphenol content in fruits. Retention % is relative to the raw/unprocessed food.

Best Method
Freezing
95% retained
Most Loss
Juicing
52% retained
🧊
Freezing95%
Excellent retention; flash-freezing preserves structure and polyp≈41 mg
☀️
Drying82%
Moderate heat degradation offset by concentration; sun-drying ret≈35 mg
🫕
Boiling68%
Significant leaching of water-soluble flavonoids into cooking wat≈29 mg
🔥
Baking/Roasting65%
Dry heat degrades anthocyanins more than other flavonoids≈28 mg
🥫
Canning55%
Prolonged thermal treatment and water contact cause significant l≈24 mg
🧃
Juicing52%
Fiber-bound polyphenols lost with pulp; clear juices lose more th≈22 mg

Health Associations

Research-backed associations for the polyphenol classes found in this food. Evidence strength rated from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

💜
↓ Cardiovascular disease riskModerate
Flavonoids: Meta-analyses of prospective cohorts show 10-20% lower CVD risk with higher flav
💜
↓ Blood pressureModerate
Flavonoids: RCTs show modest systolic BP reductions (2-5 mmHg) with flavanol-rich cocoa and
🔵
↑ Antioxidant capacityStrong
Phenolic Acids: Chlorogenic acid (coffee) and ferulic acid (grains) show consistent antioxidant
🔵
↑ Glucose metabolismModerate
Phenolic Acids: Chlorogenic acid may slow glucose absorption and improve insulin sensitivity
⚠ Most evidence is from observational studies and in vitro research. Randomized controlled trials are limited. Individual responses vary based on gut microbiome, genetics, and overall diet. Associations do not prove causation.

Polyphenol data matched from: “Grapefruit, raw” · ●●● high confidence

Source: Phenol-Explorer 3.6 (INRA, 2023) · Retention: Rothwell 2013, Palermo 2014 · Health: Del Bo' 2019, Grosso 2017

Environmental Impact

Environmental footprint per kilogram of food produced. Data represents the global average for the “Citrus Fruit” category.

0.39
kg CO₂e / kg
Very Low Impact
0.71
m² land / kg
Land Use
83.0
L water / kg
Water Use
3.0
g SO₂e / kg
Acidification
How this compares (GHG emissions)
Potatoes (0.5)Chicken (9.9)Beef (99.5)
Greenhouse Gas Emissions0.39 kg CO₂e / kg
Land Use0.71 m² / kg
Water Use83.0 L / kg
Eutrophication3.1 g PO₄e / kg
Acidification3.0 g SO₂e / kg
⚠️ Important context about this data
  • Global averages: These figures are production-weighted averages from a meta-analysis of ~38,700 farms across 119 countries (Poore & Nemecek, 2018). Actual impact varies enormously by farming method, geography, and supply chain.
  • System boundary: Cradle-to-retail only — does not include consumer transport, home cooking energy, or food waste.
  • Soil carbon not included: This data does not account for soil carbon sequestration. Some argue that well-managed regenerative grazing partially offsets ruminant emissions; however, full lifecycle accounting — including methane, land-use change, and the opportunity cost of using land for grazing vs. reforestation — typically makes the net footprint of ruminant meat higher, not lower. This is especially relevant in temperate grassland regions like Ireland.
  • Not gospel: This data is informational and illustrative. It is useful for understanding relative magnitudes, but should not be treated as precise measurements for any individual product or farm.

Source: Poore & Nemecek (2018), Science 360(6392). Meta-analysis of ~38,700 farms, 119 countries, 46 product categories.

Global Supply: Fruits

Top 10 countries by per capita supply of the “Fruits” food group (kcal/capita/day, 2023). This is food group–level data from FAO Food Balance Sheets, not specific to this individual food.

1.
618
2.
424
3.
422
4.
416
5.
366
6.
352
7.
317
8.
308
9.
293
10.
286

Global Supply Trend (1961–2023)

+38%
1961: 93 kcal2023: 128 kcal

Source: FAO Food Balance Sheets (2023). Supply = production + imports − exports − waste, converted to kcal/capita/day.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many calories are in Grapefruit, raw, white, California?

Grapefruit, raw, white, California contains 37.0 kcal per 100 grams, making it a low-calorie food. The energy comes from 0.88g of protein (10% of calories), 0.10g of fat (2%), and 9.1g of carbohydrates (98%). Carbohydrates are the primary energy source.

What is Grapefruit, raw, white, California most nutritious for?

The standout nutrient in Grapefruit, raw, white, California is Vitamin C, providing 33.3 mg per 100g (37% of the Daily Value). It is also a notable source of Carbohydrate (7% DV). Our database tracks 55 individual nutrients for this food, allowing detailed comparison across vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and fatty acids.

Is Grapefruit, raw, white, California high in protein?

At 0.88g per 100 grams, Grapefruit, raw, white, California is not a significant source of protein. Pair with protein-rich foods like legumes, meat, fish, or dairy to meet daily protein needs.

How much fiber is in Grapefruit, raw, white, California?

Grapefruit, raw, white, California contains no dietary fiber. This is typical for this type of food. Pair with plant-based foods to ensure adequate fiber intake.

What is the glycemic index of Grapefruit, raw, white, California?

Grapefruit, raw, white, California has a glycemic index of 25, which is classified as low (≤55). Low-GI foods cause a slower, more gradual rise in blood sugar levels, which may be beneficial for blood sugar management. The glycemic load, which accounts for typical serving size, provides additional context for real-world blood sugar impact.

Does Grapefruit, raw, white, California contain polyphenols?

Yes, Grapefruit, raw, white, California contains approximately 43.0 mg of polyphenols per 100g, primarily from the moderate class. Polyphenols are bioactive plant compounds associated with antioxidant properties. Their retention can vary with cooking and processing methods — see the processing impact section above for details.

What is the insulin index of Grapefruit, raw, white, California?

Grapefruit, raw, white, California has a low insulin response (II: 21) (estimated from macronutrient composition) on the insulin index scale (white bread = 100). This means it triggers relatively little insulin secretion, which may be relevant for those managing insulin sensitivity or following low-insulin dietary strategies. Note that the insulin index can differ substantially from the glycemic index — dairy products and high-protein foods often have higher insulin responses than their GI would suggest.