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Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw

Vegetables Per 100 g · Per 100g serving
Data sources: 45 AFCD 47 SR Legacy
Also available: Baked

Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw is a vegetable at 69.0 calories per 100g. It is a good source of Vitamin C, providing 42% of the Daily Value per 100g. This vegetable is a useful source of fiber, virtually fat-free. Vegetables provide essential vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber with relatively few calories. They are a cornerstone of virtually every dietary guideline worldwide. Our database tracks 92 nutrients for this food, plus insulin index, polyphenol profile, environmental footprint data.

69.0
Calories
kcal
1.7
Protein
g
0.10
Fat
g
15.7
Carbs
g
4.6
Fiber
g

Top Nutrients

☀️
Vitamin C
38.0 mg
42% DV
💎
Zinc
2.4 mg
22% DV
☀️
Thiamin (B1)
0.23 mg
19% DV

Data for 92 of 150 tracked nutrients

Nutrient Fingerprint

How this food scores across key nutrient categories, as a percentage of the daily recommended value per 100 g. Based on USDA DRIs for adults.

Complete Nutrient Profile

Macronutrients 10
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Water AFCD58.4g
2%
Calories SR69.0kcal
Energy (kJ) SR288kj
Protein SR1.7g
3%
Total Fat SR0.10g
Carbohydrate SR15.7g
12%
Fiber AFCD4.6g
12%
Total Sugars AFCD1.2g
Starch AFCD32.9g
Ash AFCD0.80g
Minerals 10
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Calcium AFCD21.0mg
2%
Iron AFCD1.0mg
12%
Magnesium AFCD13.0mg
3%
Phosphorus AFCD27.0mg
4%
Potassium AFCD250mg
7%
Sodium AFCD2.0mg
0%
Zinc AFCD2.4mg
22%
Copper SR0.12mg
13%
Manganese SR0.14mg
6%
Selenium AFCD0.70µg
1%
Vitamins 31
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Vitamin A (RAE) AFCD8.0µg
1%
Vitamin A (IU) SR0IU
Retinol AFCD0µg
Beta-Carotene AFCD30.0µg
Alpha-Carotene AFCD20.0µg
Beta-Cryptoxanthin AFCD10.0µg
Lycopene SR0µg
Lutein + Zeaxanthin SR13.0µg
Vitamin C AFCD38.0mg
42%
Vitamin D SR0µg
Vitamin D (IU) AFCD0IU
Vitamin D2 AFCD0µg
Vitamin D3 AFCD0µg
Vitamin E AFCD0.20mg
1%
Beta-Tocopherol SR0mg
Gamma-Tocopherol SR0mg
Delta-Tocopherol SR0mg
Vitamin K1 SR1.6µg
1%
Vitamin K2 (MK-4) SR0µg
Thiamin (B1) AFCD0.23mg
19%
Riboflavin (B2) AFCD0.01mg
1%
Niacin (B3) AFCD0.40mg
2%
Pantothenic Acid (B5) SR0.28mg
6%
Vitamin B6 AFCD0.09mg
7%
Folate AFCD27.0µg
7%
Folic Acid SR0µg
Folate (food) AFCD27.0µg
Folate (DFE) AFCD27.0µg
Vitamin B12 AFCD0µg
Choline SR11.0mg
2%
Betaine SR0.20mg
Fatty Acids 9
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Saturated Fat AFCD0g
Monounsaturated Fat AFCD0g
Polyunsaturated Fat AFCD0g
Trans Fat AFCD0g
Cholesterol AFCD0mg
Omega-3 ALA AFCD0g
Omega-3 EPA AFCD0g
Omega-3 DPA AFCD0g
Omega-3 DHA AFCD0g
Individual Fatty Acids 10
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Butyric Acid (4:0) SR0g
Caproic Acid (6:0) SR0g
Caprylic Acid (8:0) SR0g
Capric Acid (10:0) SR0.001g
Lauric Acid (12:0) SR0.003g
Myristic Acid (14:0) SR0.001g
Palmitic Acid (16:0) SR0.02g
Stearic Acid (18:0) SR0.004g
Linoleic Acid (18:2) AFCD0g
Linolenic Acid (18:3) SR0.01g
Amino Acids 18
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Tryptophan AFCD0.007g
Threonine SR0.06g
Isoleucine SR0.05g
Leucine SR0.08g
Lysine SR0.09g
Methionine SR0.03g
Cystine SR0.02g
Phenylalanine SR0.07g
Tyrosine SR0.04g
Valine SR0.08g
Arginine SR0.08g
Histidine SR0.03g
Alanine SR0.05g
Aspartic Acid SR0.39g
Glutamic Acid SR0.29g
Glycine SR0.05g
Proline SR0.05g
Serine SR0.06g
Phytochemicals 1
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Oxalic Acid AFCD0mg
Other 3
NutrientPer 100gUnitPer Serving% DV
Caffeine AFCD0mg
Theobromine SR0mg
Alcohol AFCD0g

Nutrient Density Score

The NRF9.3 score measures overall nutritional quality per 100 kcal. It rewards 9 nutrients to encourage (protein, fiber, vitamins A, C, E, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium) and penalizes 3 to limit (saturated fat, added sugars, sodium). Higher is better; negative scores indicate the food is high in limit nutrients relative to its beneficial content.

116
NRF9.3 Score
Excellent · per 100 kcal
Poor (<0) Moderate Good Excellent (100+)

NRF9.3 index: Fulgoni et al. (2009), J Nutr 139(8). DVs based on FDA 2020 reference values.

Nutrient Interactions in This Food

Nutrients in this food that enhance or compete with each other during absorption.

✔ Synergies — nutrients that help each other

Vitamin C + Iron●●●

Vitamin C dramatically enhances non-heme iron absorption by reducing Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ in the gut. Adding 75 mg vitamin C to a meal can increase iron absorption 3–4 fold.

Hallberg et al., Am J Clin Nutr, 1989

Vitamin B6 + Folate●●

Vitamin B6 is a cofactor in folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism. Together with B12, these three nutrients regulate homocysteine levels.

Selhub, J Nutr Health Aging, 2002

⚠ Antagonisms — nutrients that compete

Zinc vs Copper●●●

High zinc intake induces metallothionein in enterocytes, which traps copper and blocks its absorption. Prolonged high-dose zinc can cause copper deficiency.

Prasad et al., JAMA, 1978; Fosmire, Am J Clin Nutr, 1990

Zinc vs Iron●●

Zinc and non-heme iron compete for the same intestinal transporter (DMT1). High doses of one can reduce absorption of the other when taken simultaneously.

Rossander-Hulten et al., Am J Clin Nutr, 1991

Fiber vs Iron●●

Phytates in high-fibre foods (whole grains, legumes) bind non-heme iron and reduce its bioavailability. Soaking, sprouting, and fermentation reduce phytate content.

Hurrell & Egli, Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2010

Fiber vs Zinc●●

Phytates in fibre-rich foods chelate zinc, reducing its bioavailability by up to 50% in high-phytate diets. This is a major concern in plant-based diets.

Sandstrom, Food Nutr Res, 1997

Manganese vs Iron●●

Manganese and iron share the DMT1 transporter and compete for absorption. High iron status reduces manganese absorption and vice versa.

Erikson et al., Pharmacol Ther, 2007

Amino Acid Profile

Essential amino acid composition compared to the WHO/FAO adult reference pattern. The Amino Acid Score indicates protein quality — 100 means all essential amino acid requirements are met.

69
Amino Acid Score
Moderate
Tryptophan
Limiting Amino Acid
18
Amino Acids Tracked

Tip: The limiting amino acid is Tryptophan. Pair with dairy, poultry, and eggs for a complete amino acid profile.

All Amino Acids (18)
Amino Acidg / 100gmg / g protein
Tryptophan0.0074.2
Threonine0.0632.7
Isoleucine0.0532.1
Leucine0.0847.6
Lysine0.0951.8
Methionine0.0315.5
Cystine0.0211.9
Phenylalanine0.0739.3
Tyrosine0.0423.2
Valine0.0850.0
Arginine0.0848.8
Histidine0.0316.7
Alanine0.0530.4
Aspartic Acid0.39232.7
Glutamic Acid0.29170.2
Glycine0.0527.4
Proline0.0530.4
Serine0.0636.3

How Cooking Changes Nutrients

Estimated percentage of each nutrient retained after cooking, based on USDA retention factors for the “Potatoes” food category. Values of 100% mean no loss; lower values indicate nutrients lost to heat, water, or oxidation.

Key insights
Folate loses up to 25% when boiled (drained). Broiled / Grilled retains 95%.
Vitamin C loses up to 26% when fried. Broiled / Grilled retains 85%.
Thiamin loses up to 20% when boiled (drained). Broiled / Grilled retains 90%.

Source: USDA Table of Nutrient Retention Factors, Release 6 (2007). Retention values are category-level averages — actual retention depends on cooking time, temperature, and water volume.

USDA Retention Factors

Insulin Response

The Insulin Index (II) measures the actual insulin response to food on a scale where white bread = 100. Unlike the Glycemic Index (which only measures blood sugar), the II captures the full hormonal response — including the effect of protein and fat on insulin secretion. This is why high-protein foods like meat and dairy can have significant insulin scores despite having low or zero GI values.

121
Insulin Index
Very High Insulin Response
Insulin Index Scale 121
0 Low ≤30 Mod ≤60 High ≤100 120
Measured ●●● Clinically measured (Holt 1997, Bell 2014)

Source: Holt et al. 1997; Bao et al. 2016; Bell 2014

Polyphenols & Bioactive Compounds

Polyphenols are plant-derived compounds with antioxidant properties. Higher intake is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk and improved gut health.

28
Total Polyphenols
mg per 100g · Moderate
1
Polyphenol Classes
identified in this food
Phenolic Acids28 mg100%

Processing Impact on Polyphenols

How common cooking methods affect polyphenol content in vegetables. Retention % is relative to the raw/unprocessed food.

Best Method
Freezing
92% retained
Most Loss
Canning
48% retained
🧊
Freezing92%
Minimal degradation; blanch before freezing for best results≈26 mg
♨️
Steaming90%
Best cooking method for polyphenol retention — no water contact≈25 mg
📡
Microwaving85%
Short cooking time and minimal water preserve most polyphenols≈24 mg
🫧
Blanching82%
Brief water contact limits losses; inactivates polyphenol oxidase≈23 mg
🍳
Stir-frying80%
Brief heat exposure; oil may extract some fat-soluble compounds≈22 mg
⏲️
Pressure cooking75%
Higher temperature but shorter time than boiling; moderate retent≈21 mg
🔥
Baking/Roasting72%
Extended dry heat causes moderate degradation≈20 mg
🍟
Deep frying65%
High temperature and oil immersion accelerate degradation≈18 mg
🫕
Boiling60%
Major losses from leaching; consuming cooking water recovers some≈17 mg
🥫
Canning48%
Most destructive common method — prolonged heat and water contact≈13 mg

Health Associations

Research-backed associations for the polyphenol classes found in this food. Evidence strength rated from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

🔵
↑ Antioxidant capacityStrong
Phenolic Acids: Chlorogenic acid (coffee) and ferulic acid (grains) show consistent antioxidant
🔵
↑ Glucose metabolismModerate
Phenolic Acids: Chlorogenic acid may slow glucose absorption and improve insulin sensitivity
⚠ Most evidence is from observational studies and in vitro research. Randomized controlled trials are limited. Individual responses vary based on gut microbiome, genetics, and overall diet. Associations do not prove causation.

Polyphenol data matched from: “Potato, raw” · ●●● high confidence

Source: Phenol-Explorer 3.6 (INRA, 2023) · Retention: Rothwell 2013, Palermo 2014 · Health: Del Bo' 2019, Grosso 2017

Environmental Impact

Environmental footprint per kilogram of food produced. Data represents the global average for the “Potatoes” category.

0.46
kg CO₂e / kg
Very Low Impact
0.88
m² land / kg
Land Use
59.0
L water / kg
Water Use
2.5
g SO₂e / kg
Acidification
How this compares (GHG emissions)
Potatoes (0.5)Chicken (9.9)Beef (99.5)
Greenhouse Gas Emissions0.46 kg CO₂e / kg
Land Use0.88 m² / kg
Water Use59.0 L / kg
Eutrophication3.5 g PO₄e / kg
Acidification2.5 g SO₂e / kg
⚠️ Important context about this data
  • Global averages: These figures are production-weighted averages from a meta-analysis of ~38,700 farms across 119 countries (Poore & Nemecek, 2018). Actual impact varies enormously by farming method, geography, and supply chain.
  • System boundary: Cradle-to-retail only — does not include consumer transport, home cooking energy, or food waste.
  • Soil carbon not included: This data does not account for soil carbon sequestration. Some argue that well-managed regenerative grazing partially offsets ruminant emissions; however, full lifecycle accounting — including methane, land-use change, and the opportunity cost of using land for grazing vs. reforestation — typically makes the net footprint of ruminant meat higher, not lower. This is especially relevant in temperate grassland regions like Ireland.
  • Not gospel: This data is informational and illustrative. It is useful for understanding relative magnitudes, but should not be treated as precise measurements for any individual product or farm.

Source: Poore & Nemecek (2018), Science 360(6392). Meta-analysis of ~38,700 farms, 119 countries, 46 product categories.

Global Supply: Vegetables

Top 10 countries by per capita supply of the “Vegetables” food group (kcal/capita/day, 2023). This is food group–level data from FAO Food Balance Sheets, not specific to this individual food.

1.
China; mainland
310
2.
China
306
3.
Albania
258
4.
North Macedonia
221
5.
Guyana
209
6.
Kazakhstan
204
7.
Oman
192
8.
Uzbekistan
190
9.
Tajikistan
186
10.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
183

Global Supply Trend (1961–2023)

+76%
1961: 38 kcal2023: 67 kcal

Source: FAO Food Balance Sheets (2023). Supply = production + imports − exports − waste, converted to kcal/capita/day.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many calories are in Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw?

Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw contains 69.0 kcal per 100 grams, making it a low-calorie food. The energy comes from 1.7g of protein (10% of calories), 0.10g of fat (1%), and 15.7g of carbohydrates (91%). Carbohydrates are the primary energy source.

What is Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw most nutritious for?

The standout nutrient in Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw is Vitamin C, providing 38.0 mg per 100g (42% of the Daily Value). It is also a notable source of Zinc (22% DV). Our database tracks 92 individual nutrients for this food, allowing detailed comparison across vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and fatty acids.

Is Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw high in protein?

At 1.7g per 100 grams, Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw is not a significant source of protein. Pair with protein-rich foods like legumes, meat, fish, or dairy to meet daily protein needs.

How much fiber is in Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw?

Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw contains 4.6g of fiber per 100 grams — a moderate amount. This contributes to the recommended daily intake of 25-38g. Pairing with other fiber-rich foods like vegetables, legumes, or whole grains can help meet daily targets.

Does Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw contain polyphenols?

Yes, Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw contains approximately 28.0 mg of polyphenols per 100g, primarily from the moderate class. Polyphenols are bioactive plant compounds associated with antioxidant properties. Their retention can vary with cooking and processing methods — see the processing impact section above for details.

What is the insulin index of Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw?

Potatoes, white, flesh and skin, raw has a very high insulin response (II: 121) (clinically measured) on the insulin index scale (white bread = 100). This is among the highest insulin responses measured. The insulin index can exceed 100 (white bread baseline) for some foods. Note that the insulin index can differ substantially from the glycemic index — dairy products and high-protein foods often have higher insulin responses than their GI would suggest.